Click on
on the right to listen and repeat
the text in CAPITAL LETTERS on the left.
Make sure your read to yourself the bold greenish text
at the start of each
practice section. They contain useful information
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Expressions to practice |
audio |
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1. Introduction
A. Get the audience's attention and
signal the beginning.
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Right. |
Let's begin. |
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Well. |
Can we start? |
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Great. |
Shall we start? |
B. Greet audience.
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Hello |
ladies and gentlemen |
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Good morning |
members of the jury / committee |
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Good afternoon |
esteemed guests |
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Good evening |
members of the board |
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fellow colleagues |
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Mr. Chairman/Chairwoman |
If you are introduced
by somebody:
Thank you for your kind introduction
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C. Introduce oneself, (name,
position, university)
Do this to give
important information so people can identify you and also to
establish your authority on the subject and to allow the
audience to see your point of view on the subject (you are a
student, researcher, expert).
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Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen, let me
introduce myself.
Good morning everyone, I'd like to start by
introducing myself.
My name is (NAME)...
I am a (DEPARTMENT) student of DOSHISHA
University.
I am (NAME) from DOSHISHA University.
Good morning, my name is (NAME) I am a
(DEPARTMENT) student of DOSHISHA University and I would like
to talk to you today about …
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No audio.
Read out loud, filling in the gaps
about yourself.
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D. Give title and introduce your
topic
What exactly are you
going to speak about?
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I plan to speak about...
Today I'm going to talk about...
I'm
going to talk about 3 points...
I have 3 points that I will
describe...
I will cover 3 points...
The subject of my presentation is...
The theme of my talk is...
I've chosen to speak about this because...
I will not speak about...
I have limited my speech to…
My talk will last about 6 minutes.
I will speak for 6 minutes.
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E. Give your objectives (purpose,
aim, goals)
The main purpose of an
informative speech is to have the audience understand and
remember a certain amount of information. You should
therefore have two purposes:
(1) a general purpose: to give an overview, to present, to
summarize, to outline; to discuss the current situation or
to explain how to do something or how something is done.
(2) a specific purpose: to inform the audience of what you
want to take away with them after listening to you, what you
want them to do, what they should remember.
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What I would like to do today is to explain...
What I would like to do today is to
illustrate...
What I would like to do today is to give you
the essential background information on...
What I would like to do today is to
outline...
What I would like to do today is to have a
look at...
What I want you to get out of my presentation is...
If there is one thing I'd like to get across
to you today, it is that…
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F. Announce your outline.
You want to keep the
outline simple so 2 or 3 main points are usually enough.
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I have broken my presentation down into X parts.
I have divided my presentation into Y parts.
in the first part i will
tell...
in the next section i will
explain..
in part X i'm going to
show...
in the last part, i would
like to give a practical example of...
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G. Questions and comments from the
audience.
You should also let the
audience know in the introduction when and whether
they may ask questions.
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I'd ask you to save your questions for the
end.
There will be plenty of time at the end of my
speech for a discussion.
You may interrupt me at any moment to ask
questions or make comments.
Please stop me if you don't understand
anything I say but could you keep any specific questions
until after I've finished.
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H. Make a transition between the
introduction and
the body/middle part.
You should refer to your
previous outline.
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Now let us turn to point one.
Let us now move on to the second part, which
is, as I said earlier….
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2. THE MIDDLE part OR THE BODY
A. Signposting or signaling where you
are.
You need to guide the
listener by using expressions to tell them where you are
going. That is to say, first announce what you are going to
say (give an example, reformulate etc.) and then say what
you want to say. Indicate when you have finished one point
and then go on to the next one.
Experienced presenters
will also clearly pause, change their stance and the pitch
of their voice as they move from one part of a presentation
to another.
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(i) Listing information
Lists are often
necessary, however, you need to vary your language whenever
possible and avoid reading directly.
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There are three things we have to consider:
one, two, and three.
There are three things we have to consider:
A, B, and C.
Now let us look at the first aspect which
is...
First of all,…
In the first place…
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(ii) Linking ideas, sections/making
transitions
Indicate the end of one
section and the beginning of the next.
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FROM
PAST |
TO
FUTURE |
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I’ve shown
you… |
Next, I am
going to tell you about… |
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We’ve
seen… |
Now, let’s
look at…/ Now let’s turn to… |
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I’ve
talked about… |
Next, I
will talk about… |
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I’ve
finished explaining… |
I will
describe… |
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FROM
STATEMENT |
TO
RHETORICAL QUESTION |
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I’ve shown
you… |
Now, how
can you…? |
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We’ve
seen… |
Next,
what…? |
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I’ve
talked about… |
But, how
about…? |
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I’ve
finished explaining… |
Now, why
is…? |
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B. To be clear and concrete.
Use
examples, rephrasing, summaries etc.:
To give an example:
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Now let's take an example...
An example of this can be found...
To illustrate this…
Let's see this through an example.
For example,...
For instance,...
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To
rephrase:
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Let me rephrase that,
In other words
Another way of saying the same thing is
That is to say
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To summarize:
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To summarize,
To sum up,
Let me summarize by saying
So that concludes my overview
In conclusion
Briefly said
In short,
What I've tried to show in this part...
To recap what we've seen so far...
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To emphasize
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What is very significant is...
What is important to remember...
I'd like to emphasize the fact that...
I’d like to stress the importance of...
I’d like to highlight the importance of...
I’d like to underline the importance of...
What I tried to bring out...
What we need to focus on...
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C. (i) To refer
to what you have said previously:
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As I have already said earlier...
As we saw in part one...
To repeat what I've said already…
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To refer to what you will say:
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We will see this a little later on.
This will be the subject of part X.
We will go into more detail on that later.
For now, suffice to say...
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(ii) To refer to what an expert says:
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I quote the words of ...
In the words of…
According to...
Here I'd like to quote…
As Mr. X says in his book...
There is
a famous quotation that goes...
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To refer to common knowledge:
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As you all may well know...
It is generally accepted that...
As you are probably aware (of)...
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3. THE END OR CONCLUSION
You will need to indicate the
end of your talk. This may be done by
repeating/restating the main points.
I'd like to summarize/sum up…
At this stage I would like to run
through/over the main points...
So, as we have seen today....
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No audio yet.
Read out loud for practice.
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When you conclude do not do it
suddenly. Let the audience know that you are about to
end.
In conclusion I would like to say that...
My final comments concern...
I would like to finish by reminding everyone
that...
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And finally, you may have to deal
with questions.
I'd be happy to answer any questions....
If there are any questions please feel free
to ask.
Thank you for your attention and if
there are any suggestions or comments.
Thank you for your attention. Do
you have any suggestions or comments?
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4A. Make sure you understand the
question.
Ask a question to see if you
understand.
ALWAYS repeat the question in your
own words to check that you have understood.
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What I hear you asking is…
I think I hear you asking…
If you don't understand the question, ask the questioner to repeat
the question.
B. Strategies to answer
Delay the answer (ask for time and/or
repeat the question)
Just a minute please.
What is a...?
How can I put it?
I'm glad you asked that question.
That's a good
question/point/remark. (dO NOT
OVERUSE it. IT BECOMES insincere.)
Can I answer that question later?
Admit that it is not your idea or not
your work.
I saw that in the work of (person’s name)…
Agree but give an alternative point
of view.
I agree with you but there is another way of
looking at it.
If you don't know the answer to the
question, you need to admit that you do not know in order to avoid developing an embarrassing situation.
i DOn’t KNOW.
unfortunately I don’t have a good answer for your question.
i don’t know but I’d be happy to discuss that with you
afterwards. i’ll have to think about it.
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c.
click
listen and follow the examples in
You don't need to repeat out loud.
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